Background & Aims: Lipopolysaccharide-induced colonic dysmotility using an in vivo rat model was examined in this study. Methods: Six days prior to the experiment, force transducers were sutured to the proximal colons of the rats. On the day of the experiment, while monitoring colonic contractions, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)(1mg/kg) was given intravenously. Results: LPS injections induced abnormal high amplitude colonic contractions within 15 to 30 min in all the rats tested. After the period of these abnormal waves, motility gradually decreased. These high amplitude contractions were partly suppressed by atropine, a nonspecific cholinergic receptor antagonist. Conclusions: These results...

Springer-Verlag Description Background Adrenomedullin is a vasodilator peptide that displays a variety of effects, such as hypotension and vasodilatation. The aim of this study was to test the effect of intravenous adrenomedullin on the motility pattern of the small intestine, and the functional involvement of adrenomedullin in endotoxin-induced small-intestinal motility disturbance. Methods Jejunal motility was recorded in fasted conscious rats, using miniature strain-gauge force transducers sutured to the serosal surface of the small-intestinal wall. Results Intravenous administration of adrenomedullin at doses of 3, 6, and 10 µg/kg per min over 30 min disrupted phase 3 of the migrating...

Severe bacterial infection causes gastrointestinal dysmotility by an unknown mechanism. We investigated the possible involvement of serotonin (5-HT) and nitric oxide (NO) in endotoxin-induced motility disturbance, using an in vivo rat model. Six days prior to the experiment, a force transducer was sutured to the gastric antrum of rats. Lipopolysaccharide induced strong repetitive contractions in the gastric antrum within 2 to 3 min in all rats tested. After 15 min of hypermotility, motility decreased and remained low for more than 60 min. The initial increase in motility was suppressed by atropine, FK1052, or SB204070, whereas it was not affected by granisetron. The subsequent decrease was...

Elsevier Description Serine acetyltransferase (SAT; EC 2.3.1.30) catalyzes the CoA-dependent acetylation of the side chain hydroxyl group of l-serine to form O-acetyl serine, in the first step of the l-cysteine biosynthetic pathway. Since this pathway is selectively present in a few parasitic protists and absent in mammals, it represents a reasonable target to develop new chemotherapeutics. Entamoeba histolytica apparently possesses three SAT isotypes (EhSAT1-3) showing 48–73% mutual identity, a calculated molecular mass of 34.4–37.7kDa, and an isoelectric point of 5.70–6.63. To better understand the role of individual SAT isotypes, we determined kinetic and inhibitory parameters of...

Background: Sodium pump, also called as Na+/K+ ATPase, considered as membrane protein that can be affected structurally and functionally by the prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. This effected sodium pump may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of polyneuropathy in diabetes mellitus. Aims: To evaluate the sodium pump activity in type 1 diabetic patientsof Lahore city in Pakistan Methods: It was a case control study conducted on type 1 diabetics patients of Lahore, Pakistan and compared with normal healthy individuals of the same city. Diabetic patients were selected from diabetes center of Jinnah Hospital Lahore. We enrolled 40 patients with Type I diabetes mellitus. The control...

ABSTRACT Background: The weaning period is a crucial time in an infant’s life. We aimed to study the pattern of the chil-dren’s weaning, age, causes, child's problems of weaning, weaning food, sources of information about wean- ing, and the process of weaning itself among children of Arar, Saudi Arabia.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 452 mothers during the period from September 2017 to March 2018. Mothers were randomly selected from the attendees of the female side of six selected primary health care centers in the city using a systematic random sampling technique (every fourth mother). Results: The majority of children (34.7%) were weaned at 13–24 months, (34.3...

Background: Raising parental awareness will help the illness progress by enabling early identification, prompt treatment, and appropriate management of new born jaundice. Objective: The aim and objectives of the existing research paper was to explore the awareness level of parents about neonatal jaundice (NNJ) knowledge and attitude. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in Arar city, Saudi Arabia, by using social media, personal interviews and paper-based questionnaires, during the period from 1 May to 31 July, 2021. Results: The study included 385 participants, 69.4% of them were females and 30.6% were males. 55% of study participants had a child or more diagnosed with neonatal...

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in children. The prevalence of UTI during childhood varies by gender, age, and multiple other factors. The most commonly causes of UTI in children are E. coli and Klebsiella in different parts of the world. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of UTI, its etiologic pathogens, presenting symptoms and probable risk factors in our area. Methods; A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on electronic files of 606 pediatric participants of confirmed UTIs from year 2015-2020 in arar city hospital. These cases were diagnosed after urine culture positive for the respected uropathogens. Urine samples were collected...