Virology is the study of viruses, their structure, replication, evolution, and the diseases they cause in animals, plants, and humans. The course integrates microbiology, molecular biology, immunology...

This course explores the types and general characteristics of soil, along with the physical, chemical, biotic, and abiotic factors that influence soil formation and the distribution of microorganisms...

This course focuses on the control of microorganisms through methods of sterilization and disinfection, emphasizing principles and practices essential for preventing microbial growth and infection. It...

This course emphasizes the molecular mechanisms that govern genetic information and its expression in microorganisms. It covers the processes of DNA replication, repair, and transcription, along with...